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📐 Grammar corner · 🌱 Level 1 · Beginner · Topic 1 of 20

Gender and articles: il, lo, la, l'

Every Italian noun is masculine or feminine, and the article changes with the first letter of the word.

Nouns ending in -o are usually masculine, nouns in -a usually feminine. Nouns in -e can be either: il pane (m), la notte (f).

  • il before most masculine nouns: il libro.
  • lo before masculine nouns starting with s + consonant, z, gn, ps, y: lo studente, lo zaino.
  • la before feminine nouns: la casa.
  • l' before any singular noun starting with a vowel: l'amico, l'acqua.

'A / an': un (m), uno (m, where you use lo), una (f), un' (f before a vowel): un amico, uno zio, un'amica.

masculinemasculine (s + consonant, z / vowel)femininefeminine (vowel)
the (singular)il librolo zaino · l'amicola casal'amica
a / anun librouno zaino · un amicouna casaun'amica
the (plural)i librigli zaini · gli amicile casele amiche

Examples

  • Il gatto dorme.The cat is sleeping.
  • Lo studente è bravo.The student is good.
  • L'acqua è fredda.The water is cold.
  • Ho un'idea!I have an idea!
  • È uno specchio antico.It's an old mirror.

✅ Exercises

9 exercises: choose the right answer or type the missing word. Score 70% to complete the topic.